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SQL Server - INSERT Statement




Description

The SQL Server (Transact-SQL) INSERT statement is used to insert a single record or multiple records into a table in SQL Server.

Syntax

In its simplest form, the syntax for the INSERT statement when inserting a single record using the VALUES keyword in SQL Server (Transact-SQL) is:
INSERT INTO table
(column1, column2, ... )
VALUES
(expression1, expression2, ... ),
(expression1, expression2, ... ),
...;
However, the full syntax for the INSERT statement when inserting a single record using the VALUES keyword in SQL Server (Transact-SQL) is:
INSERT INTO table
(column1, column2, ... )
VALUES
( DEFAULT | NULL | expression1, 
  DEFAULT | NULL | expression2, 
  ...
);
Or...
The syntax for the SQL Server INSERT statement when inserting a single record using the DEFAULT VALUES keyword is:
INSERT INTO table
(column1, column2, ... )
DEFAULT VALUES;
Or...
In its simplest form, the syntax for the SQL Server INSERT statement when inserting multiple records using a sub-select is:
INSERT INTO table
(column1, column2, ... )
SELECT expression1, expression2, ...
FROM source_table
[WHERE conditions];
However, the full syntax for the SQL Server INSERT statement when inserting multiple records using a sub-select is:
INSERT [ TOP (top_value) [ PERCENT ] ]
INTO table
(column1, column2, ... )
SELECT expression1, expression2, ...
FROM source_table
[WHERE conditions];

Parameters or Arguments

table
The table to insert the records into.
column1, column2
The columns in the table to insert values.
expression1, expression2
The values to assign to the columns in the table. So column1 would be assigned the value of expression1, column2 would be assigned the value of expression2, and so on.
TOP (top_value)
Optional. If specified, it will insert the top number of rows based on top_value. For example, TOP(10) would insert the top 10 rows from the full result set.
PERCENT
Optional. If PERCENT is specified, then the top rows are based on a top_value percentage of the total result set (as specfied by the PERCENT value). For example, TOP(10) PERCENT would insert the top 10% of the full result set.
source_table
The source table when inserting data from another table.
WHERE conditions
Optional. The conditions that must be met for the records to be inserted.

Note

  • When inserting records into a table using the SQL Server INSERT statement, you must provide a value for every NOT NULL column.
  • You can omit a column from the SQL Server INSERT statement if the column allows NULL values.

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